Images from Luna 9 : the first photos taken from the surface of the Moon¹

60 years ago today, the world saw the first photos taken from the surface of the Moon! Nine images from Luna 9—the first spacecraft to survive a lunar landing—were received in Moscow Feb 4–5, 1966, but also intercepted and released by the Jodrell Bank Observatory in England.¹ https://x.com/i/status/2019070670110441574

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Strategy and grand strategy¹

‘Strategy and grand strategy: these terms are similar and often used interchangeably. But they are not synonymous, and the differences matter. ‘ ‘Strategy is a theory of victory. It explains how to use force in order to achieve political objectives in war. Strategic questions focus on enduring dilemmas about where to send military forces, how much violence to use and when to stop. Many issues stem from these fundamental questions: the role of civilians in war, the economics of mobilisation, the relationship between policymakers and generals, the role of secret…

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Cost constraints on the US–Russia strategic nuclear balance after New START¹, 5 Feb 2026

With the expiration of the 2010 New START on 5 February 2026, Russia and the United States are now free to build up their strategic nuclear arsenals. Whether either actor does, however, will be determined by the geopolitical landscape, national budget constraints and other priorities. The New Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty, New START, the last legally binding bilateral treaty limiting the United States’ and Russia’s strategic nuclear forces, expired on 5 February 2026. Under its central limits, each side was restricted to 1,550 deployed strategic warheads and 700 deployed delivery…

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Reimagining Mediterranean Security with Greek Minister for National Defense Nikos Dendias, 3 Feb 2026¹

At the recent trilateral summit in Jerusalem, leaders from Greece, Cyprus, and Israel advanced a shared vision of regional stability, prosperity, and cooperation. These nations, alongside the United States, are deepening coordination through mechanisms such as the Partnership for Transatlantic Energy Cooperation (P-TEC), the 3+1 framework, and the Achilles Shield program. As Greece emerges as a pivotal partner in U.S. energy strategy, these initiatives are cementing Athens’ role as the linchpin of Eastern Mediterranean security. To discuss Greece’s trilateral diplomacy with Israel and Turkey, the intersection of energy and security,…

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